[[“S. No. “,”EXPERIMENT “,”OBSERVATION “,”INFERENCE “],[“1 “,”a)Colour Colour of the salt is noted “,”Colourless”,”Absence of copper and iron salt”],[“”,”b)Appearance Appearance of the salt is noted “,”crystaline”,”May be Sulphate, Nitrate, Chloride”],[“2 “,”Solubility A little of the salt is shaken with water. “,”Soluble”,”May be Sulphate, Nitrate, Chloride or Ammonium Carbonate.”],[“3 “,”Action Of Heat: A small amount of the salt is heated gently in a dry test tube. “,”No characteristic change.”,”Absence of Carbonate, Nitrate, Ammonium and Zinc.”],[“4 “,”Flame Test: A small amount of the salt is made into a paste with conc. HCl in a watch glass and introduced into the non-luminous part of the Bunsen flame. “,”No characteristic coloured flame”,”Absence of Calcium and Barium.”],[“5 “,”Ash Test: A filter paper is soaked into a paste of the salt with conc. HCl / HNO3 “,”Pink ash.”,”Presence of Magnesium.”],[“#colspan#”,”IDENTIFICATION OF ACID RADICALS “,”#colspan#”,”#colspan#”],[“6 “,”Action Of Dil Hcl To a small amount of dilute HCl the salt is added. “,”No characteristic change.”,”Absence of Sulphide and Carbonate.”],[“7 “,”Copper Turnings Test: A small amount of the salt is heated with Copper Turnings and a few drops of conc. Sulphuric acid. “,”No reddish brown gas is evolved.”,”Absence of Nitrate.”],[“8 “,”Action Of NaOH: A small amount of the salt is heated with Sodium Hydroxide. “,”No pungent smelling gas.”,”Absence of Ammonium.”],[“9 “,”Chromyl Chloride Test: To a small amount of the salt a pinch of Potassium Dichromate is added and “,”No Red orange vapours.”,”Absence of chloride.”],[“”,”heated with few drops of conc. Sulphuric acid. “,””,””],[“”,”PREPARATION OF SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT:”,”A small amount of salt is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 minutes, cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called \u201cSODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT\u201d.”,””],[“1 “,”Barium Chloride Test: To a few drops of the extract, dilute Hydrochloric Acid is added until the effervescence ceases and 2 ml of Barium chloride solution is added. “,”A white precipitate, insoluble in conc. HCl.”,”Sulphate is confirmed.”],[“2 “,”Silver Nitrate Test: To a few drops of the extract dilute Nitric Acid is added until the effervescence ceases and 2 ml of Silver Nitrate solution is added. “,”No precipitate.”,”Absence of chloride/ sulphide”],[“3 “,”Lead Acetate Test To a few drops of the extract dilute acetic acid is added until the effervescence ceases and 2 ml of Lead acetate solution is added “,”White precipitate soluble in ammonium acetate and sodium hydroxide is obtained”,”Presence of sulphate”],[“4 “,”Brown Ring Test: To a few drops of extract dilute Sulphuric acid is added until the effervescence ceases, then freshly prepared FeSO4 is added and then conctrated Sulphuric acid is added drop by drop along the sides of the test tube. “,”No brown ring.”,”Absence of Nitrate.”],[“#colspan#”,”IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION:”,”#colspan#”,”#colspan#”],[“#colspan#”,”The orginal solution prepared by dissolving a small amound of salt in water”,”#colspan#”,”#colspan#”],[“#colspan#”,”ZERO GROUP”,”#colspan#”,”#colspan#”],[“1 “,”To a few drops of the original solution Sodium Hydroxide and Nessler\u2019s reagent are added. “,”No Reddish brown precipitate. “,”Absence of Ammonium “],[“”,”GROUP SEPARATION”,””,””],[“2 “,”To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute HCl is added “,”No characteristic precipitate. “,”Absence of First Group (Lead). “],[“3 “,”To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl and 2 ml NH4OHsolutions are added. “,”No characteristic precipitate. “,”Absence of Third Group (Aluminium). “],[“4 “,”To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl and 2 ml NH4OHsolutions are added andH2S gas is passed. “,”No characteristic precipitate. “,”Absence of Fourth Group (Zinc). “],[“5 “,”To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl, 2 ml NH4OH and 2 ml (NH4)2CO3 solutions are added. “,”No characteristic precipitate “,”Absence of Fifth Group (Calcium andBarium). “],[“6 “,”To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl, 2 ml NH4OH and 2 ml Di Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate are added. “,” White precipitate. “,” Presence of Sixth Group (Magnesium). “],[“#colspan#”,”CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR BASIC RADICALS”,”#colspan#”,”#colspan#”],[“2 “,”To a few drops of the original solution Magneson reagentis added. “,”Blue precipitate. “,”Magnesium is confirmed. “]]