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Alcohol TerminologyKey Terms for Competitive Exams
Alcohol Terminology
Key Terms for Competitive Exams – Gyanpoints.com
Understanding different types of alcohol is essential for competitive exams like UPSC, SSC, State PSCs, and more. Here’s a quick overview of important alcohol-related terms and their applications:
| Term | Definition / Description | Key Points |
|---|---|---|
| Denatured Alcohol | Ethanol made unfit for drinking by adding toxic or foul-smelling substances. | – Used as fuel, solvent, or disinfectant – Not subject to liquor taxes |
| Grain Alcohol | Produced by fermenting grains like corn, wheat, or barley. | – Typically 95% ethanol – Used in beverages and medicine |
| Absolute Alcohol | Pure ethanol (99–100%) with no water content. | – Used in labs – Obtained by dehydrating rectified spirit |
| Power Alcohol | Mixture of ethanol with petrol and additives, used as engine fuel. | – Example: Ethanol-blended petrol – Supports renewable energy |
| Rectified Spirit | Highly concentrated ethanol (95–96%) made by distillation. | – Also called neutral spirit – Used in liquor and industry |
| Wood Spirit | Methanol (CH3OH), derived from destructive distillation of wood. | – Very toxic – Used in antifreeze, solvents, formaldehyde |
Chemical Formulae:
Ethanol: C2H5OH | Methanol: CH3OH