| Sr. No | EXPERIMENT | OBSERVATION | INFERENCE |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | a)Colour Colour of the salt is noted | Colourless | Absence of copper and iron salt |
| b)Appearance Appearance of the salt is noted | powdery | May be carbonate and sulphide | |
| 2 | Solubility A little of the salt is shaken with water. | insoluble | May be carbonate and sulphide |
| 3 | Action Of Heat: A small amount of the salt is heated gently in a dry test tube. | Colourless, odourlessgas turning Lime water milky. | May be Carbonate. |
| 4 | Flame Test: A small amount of the salt is made into a paste with conc. HCl in a watch glass and introduced into the non-luminous part of the Bunsen flame. | Brick red flame | Presence of Calcium |
| 5 | Ash Test: A filter paper is soaked into a paste of the salt with conc. HCl / HNO3 And Cobalt Nitrate solution in a watch glass and burnt. | No characteristic coloured ash. | Absence of Zinc, Aluminium and Magnesium. | IDENTIFICATION OF ACID RADICALS |
| 6 | Action Of Dil Hcl: To a small amount of dilute HCl the salt is added. | Brisk effervescence of colourless, odourless gas turning Lime water milky. | Carbonate is confirmed. |
| 7 | Copper Turnings Test: A small amount of the salt is heated with Copper Turnings and a few drops of conc. Sulphuric acid. | No reddish brown gas is evolved. | Absence of Nitrate. |
| 8 | Action Of NaOH: A small amount of the salt is heated with Sodium Hydroxide. | No pungent smelling gas. | Absence of Ammonium. |
| 9 | Chromyl Chloride Test: To a small amount of the salt a pinch of Potassium Dichromate is added and heated with few drops of conc. Sulphuric acid. | No Red orange vapours. | Absence of chloride. |
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PREPARATION OF SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT: A small amount of salt is mixed with twice the amount of sodium carbonate and 20ml of distilled water is added, boiled for 10 minutes, cooled and filtered. The filtrate is called “SODIUM CARBONATE EXTRACT”. |
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| 1 | Barium Chloride Test: To a few drops of the extract, dilute Hydrochloric Acid is added until the effervescence ceases and 2 ml of Barium chloride solution is added. | No white precipitate | Absence of Sulphate |
| 2 | Silver Nitrate Test: To a few drops of the extract dilute Nitric Acid is added until the effervescence ceases and 2 ml of Silver Nitrate solution is added. | No precipitate. | Absence of chloride and sulphide |
| 3 | Lead Acetate Test To a few drops of the extract dilute acetic acid is added until the effervescence ceases and 2 ml of Lead acetate solution is added | No precipitate | Absence of Sulphate |
| 4 | Brown Ring Test: To a few drops of extract dilute Sulphuric acid is added until the effervescence ceases, then freshly prepared FeSO4 is added and then conctrated Sulphuric acid is added drop by drop along the sides of the test tube. | No brown ring. | Absence of Nitrate. |
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IDENTIFICATION OF THE BASIC RADICALS PREPARATION OF ORIGINAL SOLUTION: The orginal solution prepared by dissolving a small amound of salt in dil HNO3. |
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ZERO GROUP |
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| 1 | To a few drops of the original solution Sodium Hydroxide and Nessler’s reagent are added. | No Reddish brownprecipitate | Absence of Ammonium |
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GROUP SEPARATION |
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| 2 | To a few drops of the original solution 2 ml of dilute HCl is added | No characteristic precipitate. | Absence of First Group (Lead). |
| 3 | To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl and 2 ml NH4OHsolutions are added. | No characteristic precipitate. | Absence of Third Group (Aluminium). |
| 4 | To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl and 2 ml NH4OHsolutions are added andH2S gas is passed. | No characteristic precipitate. | Absence of Fourth Group (Zinc). |
| 5 | To a few drops of the original solution 1 ml NH4Cl, 2 ml NH4OH and 2 ml (NH4)2CO3 solutions are added. | White precipitate | Presence of Fifth Group (Calcium orBarium). |
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CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR BASIC RADICALS |
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| 1 | To a few drops of the original solution Ammonium Hydroxide and Ammonium Oxalate are added. | White precipitate insoluble in Acetic acid. | Calcium is confirmed. |
RESULT
The given simple salt contains
Basic Radical : Calcium
Acid Radical : Carbonate
The given simple salt is : Calcium Carbonate